Everything about Xix Corps Acw totally explained
XIX Corps was a
corps of the
Union Army during the
American Civil War. It spent most of its service in
Louisiana and the
Gulf, though several units fought in
Virginia's
Shenandoah Valley.
XIX Corps was created on
December 14,
1862, and assigned to
Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks, the commander of the
Department of the Gulf. The corps comprised all Union troops then occupying Louisiana and
east Texas. It originally consisted of four
divisions, numbering 36,000 men.
In April 1863, the corps was involved in the actions at
Fort Bisland and
Irish Bend. It operated the
Siege of Port Hudson from
April 27–
July 9,
1863, the fall of which, along with that of
Vicksburg, Mississippi, closed off the
Mississippi River to Confederate shipping. XIX Corps also gained measure of distinction for being the first Federal unit to use a large number of
colored troops in action, particularly against Port Hudson, with Banks giving them due credit for their valiant contributions to the siege.
In spring of 1864, the corps took part in Banks' disastrous
Red River Campaign, under the command of
William B. Franklin, who was wounded at
Mansfield. After its conspicuous role in the failure, two divisions under
William H. Emory were sent to Virginia to join
Phillip Sheridan's operations in the Shenandoah Valley against
Jubal Early (see
Valley Campaigns of 1864). These troops took part in all of the major engagements of Sheridan's campaign, most notably at
Opequon, where they lost some 2,000 men killed or wounded (mostly in
Cuvier Grover's division).
After this, the corps was sent
Savannah, Georgia, where it remained until the end of the war. The XIX Corps was officially discontinued on
March 26,
1865, but the corps took part in the
Grand Review in Washington, and some of its units remained in Savannah and Louisiana until 1866.
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